Chandrayaan-3 is not going to the moon in 2021, but 8 other moon missions are going to the moon in 2021.
1. CAPSTONE
 |
| CAPSTONE NASA MISSION |
CAPSTONE (Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment) is a planned lunar orbiter that will test and verify the calculated orbital stability planned for the Gateway space station.
CAPSTONE Spacecraft
The orbiter is a 12-unit CubeSat. The US$13.7 million contracts was awarded to a private company called Advanced Space, Boulder, Colorado, on 13 September 2019 through a federal Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) contract. Advanced Space will handle overall project management and some of the spacecraft's key technologies, including its CAPS positioning navigation system, while Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems, Irvine, California, will develop and build the spacecraft platform, and Stellar Exploration, Inc will develop its propulsion systems.
Names Cislunar Autonomous Positioning System Technology Operations and Navigation Experiment
Mission type Technology
Operator NASA
Mission duration 9 months (planned)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft CAPSTONE
Spacecraft type 12U CubeSat
Bus CubeSat
Manufacturer Advanced Space and
Tyvak Nano-Satellite Systems
Launch mass 25 kg (55 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date Q3 2021 (planned)
Rocket Electron
Launch site MARS, LC-2
Contractor Rocket Lab
Moon orbiter
Orbits Near-rectilinear halo orbit (NRHO)
2.Lunar Mission One
 |
| Lunar Mission One |
The first launch of one of its spacecraft, the Peregrine lunar lander, is expected to take place in July 2021 on a Vulcan Centaur launch vehicle.
On 11 June 2020, Astrobotic received a second contract for the Commercial Lunar Payload Services program. NASA will pay Astrobotic US$199.5 million to carry the VIPER rover. Astrobotic will take NASA's VIPER rover to the lunar surface in late 2023.
Manufacturer Astrobotic Technology
Designer Astrobotic Technology and
Airbus Defence and Space
Country of origin United States
Operator Astrobotic Technology
Applications Commercial lunar transport
Specifications
Spacecraft type Cruise, lunar orbit and surface operations
Launch mass Mission 1: 1,283 kg (2,829 lb)
Payload capacity Up to 265 kg (584 lb)
Power 30 watts
Batteries Lithium-ion
Design life One lunar day (14 days Earth)
Dimensions
Length 1.9 m (6 ft 3 in)
Diameter 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in)
Production
Status In development
Launched 0
3.Spacebit Mission One
 |
| Spacebit Mission One |
Spacebit Mission One is the UK's first planned robotic lunar mission; the rover is being designed by the privately held company Spacebit in collaboration with Yuzhmash. Its main goal is to deliver the Asagumo lunar rover to the surface of the Moon and demonstrate a new lunar exploration technology related to lunar lava tubes, which is expected to result in more sustainable lunar exploration.
Astrobotic's first lunar lander mission, called Mission One, is planned to have 14 commercial payloads. These include small rovers from Hakuto and Team AngelicvM and a larger rover from Carnegie Mellon University named Andy. It will also include an unusual miniature rover of 1.3 kg, called Asagumo, that moves on four legs. Asagumo is a technological demonstrator that is planned to travel a distance of at least 10 m (33 ft).
Mission type Lunar lander, rover
Operator Spacebit
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer Spacebit
Start of mission
Launch date July 2021
Rocket Vulcan
Contractor United Launch Alliance (ULA)
Moon lander
Spacecraft component Rover
Landing date TBD
Landing site Lacus Mortis
3.Spacebit Mission One
 |
| COLMENA-MOON-MISSION |
LINX’s strategy is to develop swarms of very small robots that can work together.
In mid-2021, UNAM will carry out the COLMENA mission, which is to put nine micro-rovers on the surface of the Moon. “This mission will position Mexico at a new technological stage of scientific exploration and commercial exploitation, which will probably take place on asteroids and moons”, said project leader Gustavo Medina Tanco.
This mission has been entirely developed at the ICN Space Instrumentation Laboratory (LINX), with the support of the Mexican Space Agency (AEM), the National Science and Technology Council (CONACyT), Hidalgo state government, and various technology companies with a strong socially commitment to Mexico’s scientific, technological, and economic development.
COLMENA’s payload includes the nine robots, as well as a telecommunications, telemetry, and launch module, with a total mass of 500 grams.Its low total mass, together with the rigors of blast-off and survival on the lunar surface posed a unique technological challenge, according to Gustavo.
NAME Colmena
Mission type
Operator UNAM
Mission duration
Rocket Vulcan Centaur
5.Nova-C
 |
| NOVA-C |
Intuitive Machines was one of the 9 contractor companies selected by NASA in November 2018, and Nova-C is one of the first three landers selected to be built and launched by the new NASA program called Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS). The launch is planned on a Falcon 9 rocket on 11 October 2021
Overview
Nova-C lunar lander was designed by Intuitive Machines, and it inherits technology developed by NASA's Project Morpheus. It features a spacecraft propellant system that uses methane and liquid oxygen, and an autonomous landing and hazard detection technology. After landing, the lander is capable of relocating by performing a vertical takeoff, cruise, and vertical landing. Methane and oxygen could also be potentially manufactured on the Moon and Mars. (See: In-situ resource utilization) Nova-C is capable of 24/7 data coverage for its client payload, and can hold a payload of 100 kg. The Nova-C lander design provides a technology platform that scales to mid and large lander classes, capable of accommodating larger payloads.
Designer Intuitive Machines
Country of origin United States
Applications Lunar payloads delivery
Specifications
Spacecraft type Lander
Dry mass 1,500 kg (3,300 lb)
Payload capacity 100 kg (220 lb)
Power 200 W (0.27 hp)[2]
Dimensions
Length 3 m (9.8 ft) [1]
Diameter 2 m (6 ft 7 in)
Production
Status In development
Launched 0
Maiden launch 11 October 2021 (planned)
Related spacecraft
Derived from Project Morpheus
6. Luna 25
Luna 25 (Luna-Glob lander) is a planned lunar lander mission by Roscosmos. It will land near the lunar south pole at the Boguslavsky crater. It was renamed from Luna-Glob lander to Luna 25 to emphasize the continuity of the Soviet Luna program from the 1970s, though it is still part of what was at one point conceptualized as the Luna-Glob lunar exploration program. The launch is scheduled for October 2021.LUNA 25 Mission
Initial mission plans called for a lander and orbiter, with the latter also deploying impact penetrators. In its current form, Luna 25 is a lander only, with a primary mission of proving out the landing technology. The mission will carry 30 kg (66 lb) of scientific instruments, including a robotic arm for soil samples and possible drilling hardware.The launch is currently planned for October 2021 on a Soyuz-2.1B rocket with Fregat-M upper stage, from Baikonur or Vostochny.
Names Luna-Glob lander
Mission type Technology, Reconnaissance
Operator SRI RAS (IKI RAN)
Mission duration 1 year (planned)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type Robotic lander
Manufacturer NPO Lavochkin
Launch mass 1,750 kg (3,860 lb)
Payload mass 30 kg (66 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date 21 October 2021
Rocket Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M
Launch site Baikonur or Vostochny
Moon lander
Landing site Boguslavsky crater
7.Artemis 1
Artemis 1 (officially Artemis I) is a planned uncrewed test flight for NASA's Artemis program that is the first integrated flight of the agency's Orion MPCV and Space Launch System heavy-lift rocket. It is expected to launch in November 2021.Formerly known as Exploration Mission-1 (EM-1), the mission was renamed after the introduction of the Artemis program. The launch will be held at Launch Complex 39B at the Kennedy Space Center, where an Orion spacecraft will be sent on a mission of 25.5 days, 6 of those days in a retrograde orbit around the Moon. The mission will certify the Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System rocket for crewed flights beginning with the second flight test of the Orion and Space Launch System, Artemis 2, which will carry a crew of four around the Moon in 2023 for a week-long mission and back prior to the assembly of the Gateway.
Overview
File:Artemis I (Mission Trajectory).webm
Artemis 1 will use the Block 1 variant of the Space Launch System. The Block 1 will use five-segment solid rocket boosters producing 8.8 million pounds-force (39,000 kN) of thrust at liftoff. The core stage will use four RS-25D engines of the Space Shuttle. The upper stage ICPS will be based on the Delta Cryogenic Second Stage (itself based on the design of the upper stage of JAXA's H-II and H-IIA rockets), containing one RL10 engine.
Names
Space Launch System-1 (SLS-1)
Exploration Mission-1 (EM-1)
Mission type Uncrewed Lunar orbital test flight
Operator NASA
Website www.nasa.gov/artemis-1
Mission duration 26 to 42 days (planned)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft Orion CM-002
Spacecraft type Orion MPCV
Manufacturer The Boeing Company / Lockheed Martin / Airbus
Start of mission
Launch date NLT November 2021
Rocket SLS Block 1
Launch site Kennedy Space Center, LC-39B
End of mission
Landing site Pacific Ocean
Orbital parameters
Reference system Selenocentric
Period 6 days
Moon orbiter
Orbital insertion TBD
8.ALINA
PTScientists GmbH is the company representing the team competing at the Google Lunar X-Prize. The company opened offices in Berlin-Mahlsdorf in 2015. It sells payload for the Moon mission to individuals, organizations, and companies.ALINA is a lunar lander with a launch mass of 1,250 kg (2,760 lb) and a landing mass of about 320 kg (710 lb). Its main engines are in a cluster of eight, each generating 200 newtons. It also features eight attitude control thrusters generating 10 newtons each. ALINA is built to host three general types of payload, which are rovers, stationary and orbital (deployment of CubeSats), but for its first mission, it will deploy two rovers and no satellites.
This mission aims to land 3 to 5 km (1.9 to 3.1 mi) away from the Apollo 17 landing site in the Taurus–Littrow lunar valley, to locate and film from a distance the Lunar Roving Vehicle left there by NASA astronauts Eugene Cernan and Harrison Schmitt in 1972 during the Apollo 17 mission. PTScientists have pledged to preserve this and all other NASA and Soviet lunar landers and rovers as "world heritage" and through their support for For All Moonkind Inc.
The Audi Lunar Quattro (ALQ) rovers are being[when?] developed by German automobile manufacturer Audi. The prototype rover is called Asimov Jr. R3, while the two flight rovers are named Audi Lunar Quattro (ALQ). The rovers feature four-wheel drive tranmision where each wheel is able to pivot 360° for special maneuvers, and their solar panel is able to tilt in the direction of the Sun for best power generation.
The rovers' projected maximum speed is 3.6 km/h (2.2 mph), and they will carry two stereo cameras to acquire 3D images, mounted to a moving head at the front of the vehicle. ALINA lander will communicate with the rovers using technology based on Infineon chips, Nokia, and Vodafone's 4G LTE. In turn, the lender will communicate with Earth Control using the European Space Operations Centre (ESTRACK) network.
Mission type Robotic lander and 2 rovers
Operator PTScientists
Website mission-to-the-moon.com
Mission duration one lunar day (28 days) maximum
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft ALINA
Spacecraft type lunar lander
Manufacturer PTScientists
Launch mass 1,250 kg (2,760 lb) [16]
Landing mass ALINA: ~320 kg (710 lb)
Rovers: 30 kg (66 lb) each
Dry mass ALINA: 220 kg (490 lb)
Fuel mass: 930 kg (2,050 lb)[16]
Payload mass ALINA: 100 kg (220 lb) max.
Rovers: 5 kg (11 lb) max. each[16]
Dimensions ALINA: 2.6 m × 2.2 m × 1.8 m
Rovers:
Power ALINA:
Rovers: 90 W
Start of mission
Launch date 2021
Rocket Ariane 64
Contractor ArianeGroup
Moon rover
Spacecraft component Audi Lunar Quattro-1 (ALQ-1) and Audi Lunar Quattro-2 (ALQ-2)
Landing site Taurus–Littrow
Transponders
Band X band and S band
No comments:
Post a Comment